Nursing assessment and intervention in patient with Crohn's disease according to the Gordon and Orem models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/qy4g0327Keywords:
Crohn's Disease, Nursing Care Process, Marjory Gordon's Theory, Self-Care.Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, tending to progress through cycles of flare-ups and remissions. The aim of this study was to apply the Nursing Process—based on Marjory Gordon's functional health patterns and Dorothea Orem's self-care theory—to a patient with Crohn's disease, in order to identify altered needs and establish interventions aimed at improving her health status. A descriptive qualitative case study was conducted involving a 33-year-old female patient diagnosed with unspecified Crohn's disease and a rectovesical fistula. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and a review of her medical records. The assessment revealed alterations in the following patterns: health perception and management, nutritional-metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, and self-perception; these were evidenced by persistent diarrhea, weight loss, severe anemia, and generalized weakness. Based on these findings, nursing diagnoses related to nutritional imbalance and the risk of electrolyte imbalance were established, and interventions focusing on nutritional support, clinical monitoring, and self-care education were implemented. An improvement in the patient's clinical and nutritional status was observed; however, relapses occurred due to a lack of access to the prescribed biologic therapy. The study concludes that the Nursing Process facilitates comprehensive, individualized care, although therapeutic continuity and timely access to specialized treatments directly influence the course of the disease.
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