Nursing Interventions in Femoro-Popliteal Bypass Surgery: A Review of the Scientific Evidence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/cbess777Keywords:
Nursing Care; Coronary Artery Bypass; Cardiovascular Nursing; Systematic Review.Abstract
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a progressive vascular condition that affects millions of people, and the femoropopliteal bypass is one of the most commonly used surgical procedures to restore distal blood flow in the lower extremities. Despite surgical advances, scientific evidence specifically focused on nursing interventions during this procedure remains limited, even though such care is critical for patient safety and the prevention of complications. Objective: To describe nursing interventions during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of femoropopliteal bypass surgery through a review and critical analysis of the available evidence. Methodology: A descriptive literature review with a qualitative approach, structured according to the PRISMA statement, with searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholar, ultimately including 30 studies out of 397 identified records. Results: It was found that, in the preoperative phase, the assessment of comorbidities, metabolic control, and pharmacological prophylaxis predominate; during the intraoperative phase, continuous hemodynamic monitoring and anticoagulation management are emphasized; and in the postoperative phase, monitoring of graft perfusion, glycemic control, and education focused on self-care and treatment adherence stand out. Conclusion: The integration of evidence-based nursing care throughout the perioperative process contributes to improved patient safety, graft patency, and functional recovery, thereby strengthening the role of nursing within the multidisciplinary vascular surgery team.
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