Association between type of prenatal care visit and gestational anemia in a public health facility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/1g6f1f91Keywords:
anemia; pregnancy; prenatal care; hemoglobin; maternal healthAbstract
Gestational anemia is a significant maternal health issue due to its effects on both the mother and the newborn, requiring monitoring during prenatal care. This study aimed to analyze the association between the type of prenatal care recorded and the presence of anemia in pregnant women treated at a public health facility in 2025. A quantitative, observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted involving 234 pregnant women treated at a public health facility. Variables analyzed included sociodemographic and obstetric data, type of prenatal consultation, gestational age, and hemoglobin classification. The analysis included absolute and relative frequencies, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test (where applicable), and the estimation of crude odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results showed that the predominant age group was 22–29 years (41.0%), the most common marital status was consensual union (65.0%), and 70.9% of the women were classified as having intermediate obstetric risk. Initial prenatal consultations accounted for 81.2% of cases. The overall prevalence of anemia was 61.5% (95% CI: 55.2–67.5), with a predominance of mild (32.1%) and moderate (29.5%) anemia. No significant association was found between anemia and gestational age (χ² = 1.49; df = 2; p = 0.474) or between anemia and the type of prenatal care (p = 0.711; OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.45–1.72). These findings indicate that anemia was common in the studied population; however, no statistically significant association was identified between its presence and the type of prenatal consultation recorded.
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