Socio-environmental risk factors for dengue transmission at the Hospital Básico de Pasaje, El Oro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/hnvqr973Keywords:
Dengue; Aedes; Risk Factors; Arbovirus Infections.Abstract
Introduction: Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes and represents a growing public health problem, favored by climatic, environmental, social, and community factors that increase vector presence and viral transmission. Objective: To identify the socio-environmental risk factors for dengue transmission among patients treated at the Hospital Básico de Pasaje, province of El Oro. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted. Information was obtained through the review of medical records and institutional epidemiological registries of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue who were treated between January and September 2025. The sample consisted of 42 cases with complete and verifiable information. Data were organized in an extraction matrix, coded, and processed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS through frequencies and percentages. Results: All patients were Ecuadorian. Sex distribution was equitable, with 50.0% male and 50.0% female. The highest proportion corresponded to children aged 0 to 11 years (40.5%) and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (28.6%). According to clinical classification, dengue with warning signs predominated (78.6%), followed by dengue fever or classic dengue (11.9%) and dengue without warning signs (9.5%). Regarding socio-environmental factors, rural residence (69.0%) and student social status (54.8%) were predominant. Conclusion: Dengue mainly affected pediatric and adolescent populations living in rural areas, with a predominance of cases with warning signs. The findings highlight the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, vector control, health education, and environmental sanitation actions in the local context.
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