Evaluation of handwashing technique in medical students at a public university
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/grbz9x09Keywords:
Hand hygiene; biosafety; healthcare-associated infections; direct observation; quality indicator.Abstract
Hand hygiene is the most cost-effective measure for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs); however, adherence remains insufficient among health sciences students during their hospital rotations. The objective of this study was to evaluate handwashing technique among sixth-semester medical students at a public university in the province of El Oro, using direct observation tools, in order to improve safe clinical practice. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 60 students completing hospital rotations. Two instruments were used: a validated knowledge questionnaire and a direct observation checklist audit. The results showed that the majority of participants were female (63.3%) and between 18 and 21 years old (63.3%). Regarding knowledge level, a medium level was identified. The factors that most influenced non-compliance were workload overload, weak institutional supervision, and poor risk perception. Furthermore, a marked discrepancy was identified between self-reported compliance (greater than 90%) and directly observed compliance, consistent with the Hawthorne effect described in the literature. It is concluded that theoretical training does not guarantee correct practical execution; therefore, it is essential to strengthen teaching through practical workshops, continuous feedback, and structured supervision during clinical practice.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sotomayor Preciado Maggie Anita, Máxima del Rocío Campoverde Ponce, Hernández Medina Nathaly Anahí, Martínez Muñoz Mayerly Desiree, Dennis Froilán Reyes Contento, Vásquez Vásquez Lizzie Yulieth, Chang Farez Sadia Ayling, Celi Romero Carmen Stefany (Autor/a)
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